Bioceramic sealers constitute one of the most recent, significant advancements in endodontic treatment. They have numerous important properties relative to epoxy resin-based sealers; improved properties rely on the unique physical and biology-related properties found in bioceramic materials, mainly dealing with calcium silicate and calcium phosphate. The present article reviews the superior properties, mechanisms, types, and specific applications of bioceramic sealers and their place in modern dental practice.
What are Bioceramic Sealers?
The obturations of the root canals are performed by the endodontic sealers, which refer to a three-dimensional seal in the canal system to prevent bacterial infiltration. However, with this advantage comes the disadvantage that conventional epoxy resin-based sealers are highly mutagenic, cytotoxic, and potentially able to cause inflammatory responses. They depict hydrophobic qualities that might render their adhesion to dentin comparatively weak, which, in the long run, leads to scenarios of microleakage.
Bioceramic sealers, on the other hand, demonstrate better physical and biological properties. These materials, particularly those containing calcium silicate and calcium phosphate, allow an alkaline pH to be maintained, resist chemical breakdown in biological systems, do not shrink upon setting, and are made up of materials close to the tooth and bone apatite to improve the bonding with the root dentin for overall sealing.
Advantages of Bioceramic Seal
1. Biocompatibility and Safety:
Bioceramic sealers show exceptionally high biocompatibility, with minimal possibility of any undesired reaction in the oral cavity. They stay very close to the tooth structure and show minimal inflammation, thus favouring its healing process.
2. Chemical resistance:
The different constituents of these sealers do not change within the dynamic environment of the root canal system. Their resistance to chemical alteration ensures continuing sealing ability without dissolution over time.
3. Alkaline pH
The alkaline pH of these sealers does not favour an environment for bacterial polymorphism and resistance.
4. Nonshrinking Property:
Compared to traditional sealers, bioceramic sealers do not shrink while setting. That assures a more stable and solid seal that will not have potential gaps for infiltration.
Mechanisms of Action
Bioceramic-based sealers act through mechanisms that include:
• Hydrophilic species: The hydrophilic species of which the bioceramics are made will also help to undergo more diffusion inside the dentinal tubules, assuring improved sealing and inhibiting microleakage.
• Chemical Bonding: Through chemical bonding to dentin, the wetness-compatible bioceramic sealers form a more secure and rigid seal than what would have been achieved by mechanical bonding alone.
• Calcium Ions Release: The procedure releases calcium ions, enabling a mineralization process followed by healing. This sets the base for long-endodontic success.
Bioceramic Sealers Classification
Classified bioceramic sealers can be categorized based on their chemical composition and application in the clinical type:
1. Calcium silicate-based sealer having high consistency includes, as an indispensable part, 3CaO·2SiO₂ and 2CaO·SiO₂, with additional enhancements aimed at improving its setting.
2. Calcium phosphate-based sealers: These sealers have calcium phosphate as their prime constituents, enhancing the setting reaction that can mimic the natural mineral makeup of tooth structure and bone.
3. Hybrid Sealers: These sealers combine calcium silicate and calcium phosphate to attempt fulfilment of both properties in one product. Hybrid sealers are therefore expected to provide both properties—good sealing properties and good biocompatibility.
Specific Properties of Bio-C Sealer-BioCeramic Root Canal Sealer
Although bioceramic root canal sealers are used to fill root canals, they are materials that may be made by different companies and source their material content from other compositions, one of which is tricalcium silicate.
Main features:
• Flowable: High flow to fill all primary and accessory canals.
• Radiopacity — provides excellent radiographic visibility.
• Working Time: 60-120 mins. Its primary setting is activated by moisture from dentinal tubules and periapical tissues.
• Particle size: Less than two microns for low thin film thickness and excellent diffusion.
• Calcium Ion Release: Inducing biomineralization for tissue regeneration.
• Antibacterial Action: With a pH as high as 12.5, it exerts an antibacterial action.
Advantages
• Premixed, ready to use.
• Includes Zirconia Oxide for the resistance to staining.
• Highly biocompatible with no eugenol to reduce cytotoxicity and ensure compatibility with the resin materials.
Technical Details:
• Preparation Time: 120-240min
• Radiopacity: ≥ 7 mm AI
• pH: 12.5
• Flow: 23.46 mm
• Particle size: < 2μm
• Film Thickness: 21 µm
• Solubility: 2.86%
• Compressive Strength: 9.72 ± 2.48 MPa
Application of Bioceramic Sealers: Step-by-Step Instructions
Bioceramic sealers have been favored solely for their properties over those used for endodontic preparations. Two primary application techniques for the sealers might be a plastic carrier applicator and a modified Irriflex needle.
Plastic Carrier Application Technique:
1. Push 3 mm of sealer through the apex.
2. Canal walls sealed with plastic carrier.
3. Placement of the GP cone into the canal with the selected obturation technique.
Modified Irriflex Needle Technique:
1. Attach Irriflex to the needle of the sealer.
2. Replace the needle; reset the rubber stop.
3. Extrude the sealer within the first 4 mm of the canal into the periapical.
4. All walls must be spread with sealer without additional extrusion.
5. Place the GP cone and use the least amount of disposables.
Both methods are devised for refining the placement of the sealer and the waste material to make sure that an effective and durable seal of the root canal is achieved.
Summary:
It is therefore not debatable that one of the most recent critical developments in endodontic materials is the development of bioceramic sealers, definitely with advantages over conventional epoxy resin-based sealers. Biocompatibility, chemical stability related to high pH, and non-shrinking features are conditions that describe the action of sealing with biological silicate-based sealers, providing effective use within root canals and further elimination of their reinfection. It is only through such a comprehension of the advantages, mechanisms, and classification of properties that dental professionals can ascertain appropriate materials to facilitate endodontic treatments. Dental Avenue India Pvt Ltd specializes in providing access to these advanced devices for dental practitioners. With experienced staff and rigorous examination processes, they ensure the delivery of high-quality tools authorized by relevant international bodies. If you seek the most suitable bioceramic sealers, Dental Avenue can meet your needs efficiently.
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